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Nürnberg American High School (NAHS) was a Department of Defense Dependents Schools (DoDDS) system school located near Nürnberg Germany. One of DoDDS original five high schools in Germany, the school served the children of American military, government and civilian personnel from 1946 until its closing in 1995.〔"3,500 Youths To Answer ET School Bells", ''Stars and Stripes'', 20 September 1946.〕 == History == In October 1946, only a year and a half after the Allied forces defeated the German Third Reich, American dependents of high school age in the Nürnberg area began school in a former private residence in Erlangen, a university town nearby. The freshmen met in the dining room, the sophomores in the living room, and the juniors and seniors had classes upstairs in bedrooms, according to Ed Thompson, who was there as a freshman student. About 70 students were enrolled. After Thanksgiving, classes were moved into the Science Building at Erlangen University.〔Ed Thompson, "Erinnerungen," ''NHS Trichter, Stateside Edition'', April 1995, pp. 1, 5.〕 Though textbooks and supplies were hard come by, the faculty of eight and a teaching principal offered the core curriculum of the time. The students responded to their straitened circumstances by writing a constitution for their student council, organizing student assemblies, and holding a number of dances, including that staple of American high schools, the junior-senior prom. Beginning in January 1947, the students had a weekly mimeographed newspaper and ended the year by publishing a mimeographed yearbook.〔''The Army Brat'' (school newspaper), Vol. 1, 1947〕 During the spring some students had an unusual educational opportunity in that they took field trips to sessions of the Nürnberg War Trials.〔Bub Kale, "Visiting the Nürnberg War Trials," ''Letters Home'', ed. Mark W. Falzini: iUniverse, 2004, pp. 61-64.〕 In June, all the seniors in the five high schools in Germany (about 100) were given a cruise down the Rhine, a tradition that was to continue for several years. Eight students graduated that first year in a combined ceremony with Munich American High School held at the Haus der Kunst in Munich.〔''The Army Brat'', Vol. 1, June 27, 1947, p. 1.〕 In the fall of 1947, the school moved to 19 Tannenstrasse in Fürth, a town approximately 6.5 miles from the Nürnberg main railway station, and changed its name to Nürnberg American High School. A former German girls school built in 1906, the building on Tannenstrasse offered facilities superior to those in Erlangen. It had a gymnasium, a large assembly room, and a large basement with a dining hall and a combination library and study hall. Nearby requisitioned three-story private homes served as dormitories.〔''The Voyager'', 1948 school yearbook.〕 Other facilities available to the students were a Teen-Age Club housed in the Fürth Opera House; Linde Stadium, an ice skating and swimming facility built by Nazi Germany for the 1936 Olympics; and Stein Castle, requisitioned from the Faber-Castell family. It was the scene of the Junior-Senior Prom. A German-American Youth Club encouraged interaction with the local populace. At one program in the Nürnberg Opera House, junior Don Hilty recited to a full house a speech given by Abraham Lincoln to a group of Germans in Ohio in 1861. Other programs included general knowledge quiz contests between the Americans and Germans and visits to each other's schools. Enrollment remained low with approximately 70 students in grades 9-12. In June of its second year (1948) only four seniors graduated at the Haus der Kunst.〔'The Army Brat'', Vol. 2, 1947-48. 〕 During the next three years while enrollment hovered around 100, interaction with the German populace continued to be a fairly important part of school life. The Nürnberg Opera House was the scene of a dance of 500 German and American youth and a forum discussing “World Federation.” 〔''The Army Brat'', Vol 3, Issue No. 3, Nov 24, 1948, p. 1 and Issue No. 5, Jan. 28, 1949, p. 1.〕 The Nürnberg Special Services, assisted by a number of NHS boys and girls, presented a musical production, “Rhapsody in Rhythm,” in a full opera house.〔"Rhapsody in Rhythm," ''The Nurnberg Post'', Mar. 25, 1949, p. 6〕 By the end of its fifth year, the Dependents School Service was able to claim that the courses of study, textbooks, and teaching supplies in the American schools in Germany compared favorably with the best in the United States.〔"Report of Operations," ''1951 Erinnerungen'', combined school yearbook of the American high schools in Germany, p. 11.〕 Though the U.S. Army was still the army of occupation and MPs guarded the school doors and often rode buses and trains when American youth traveled to and from school, American young people moved about freely and without fear, so reports one NHS alumnus who was there in the 1950-51 school year 〔Frank Phillips, email to Joan Adrian, carbon copy to Bob McQuitty, Fri. October 5, 2012, 12:05 PM. "I rode the German streetcars, took the German trains, rode my bicycle along the excellent German bike paths to all parts of Nürnberg, went to German beer houses and movies, all without fear. In my neighborhood, German teens played baseball with us Americans and came into our homes.”〕 1952 was a transforming year for the Americans in Germany. With the signing of the ''Deutschlandvertrag'' the occupation ended, and Germany and the U.S. became allies.〔John J. McCloy, U.S. High Commissioner for Germany, ''1952 Erinnerungen'', p. 6.〕 For the students at NHS the change in status meant a new school building. The requisitioned building at 19 Tannenstrasse was returned to the Germans, and the U.S. built a brand new school at 30 Fronmüllerstraße, complete with an adjacent dormitory. It opened Jan. 3, 1952.〔''1952 Erinnerungen'', p. 236.〕 At the same time, American dependents began to leave their housing “on the economy” and move into newly built housing around schools or U.S. bases. By 1955 the Kalb Community had grown up around NHS, and the campus boasted five additional buildings, including a new gymnasium.〔''1955 Erinnerungen'', p. 344.〕 After this year, interaction with the native populace became a minor part of school life and remained so throughout the rest of the time NHS was open.〔Lambert N. Wenner, “American Youth Overseas,” ''Adolescence'', Vol 5, No. 20, Winter 1970. Dr. Wenner studied five widely scattered Department of Defense schools in 1966-68, one being NHS. Among his conclusions: “Research . . . suggests that the presence of a host community is not highly significant to the formal program and routine operation of an overseas high school. The school is part of a self-contained American community, a military post and housing complex with its own basic facilities and services. . . . Thus the majority of youths devote most of their time and considerable energy to participation in the American youth subculture. . . .”〕 Throughout the first decade of its existence, NHS enrollment averaged 120 and an average of 19 seniors graduated. In 1956-57 enrollment went over 200 for the first time (207) and there were 27 graduates 〔"Commencement Program," 1957.〕 A year later the enrollment had jumped another 100 students to 312.〔''1958 Erinnerungen'', count of students pictured.〕 In June 1995, the last graduating seniors were awarded their diplomas from Nürnberg American High School, and the school closed 49 years after its opening. The Cold War was over; American troops were being withdrawn from the Nürnberg area. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nurnberg American High School」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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